f~wgKv
:
cÖvP¨ I cvðvZ¨ Ñ
Z_v mgMÖ wek¦e¨vcx bvix wbh©vZb GKwU mgm¨v| wKš‘ G m¤úwK©Z
mg¯— Av‡jvPbvq
Ggbfv‡e G e¨vcviwU‡K Dc¯’vcb Kiv nq †hb GwU ïaygvÎ gymwjg
we‡k¦iB GKwU mgm¨v
Avi Gi KviY wn‡m‡e me mgq `vqx Kiv nq Bmjvg‡K|
Bmjv‡g bvixi
AwaKvi I gh©v`v m¤ú‡K© A‡bK åvš— aviYv mgv‡R cÖPwjZ Av‡Q| †hgb:
· Bmjvg cyi“l‡K
w`‡q‡Q bvix wbh©vZb Kivi AwaKvi|
· bvixi †bB wk¶v
MÖnY, ivRbxwZ wKsev A_©‰bwZK Kg©Kv‡Û AskMÖn‡Yi
AwaKvi|
· bvixi †bB †Kvb
wel‡q wbR¯^ gZ cÖKv‡ki AwaKvi|
· bvixi †bB ¯^vgx
wbe©vPb ev cÖ‡qvR‡b ¯^vgx‡K ZvjvK cÖ`v‡bi AwaKvi|
· wnRve ev c`©vcÖ_vi
g~j D‡Ïk¨ bvix‡`i Aei“× Kiv|
· wnjv we‡q,
MÖvgM‡Äi †gvjv‡`i Ab¨vq d‡Zvqv, Abvi wKwjs BZ¨vw` Bmjvg
Aby‡gvw`Z welq|
wKš‘ we¯§qKi n‡jI
mZ¨, Dc‡iv³ †Kvb cÖPviYvi mv‡_B †bB Bmjv‡gi `~iZg
m¤úK©| GLb †_‡K
†PŠÏÕkZ eQi Av‡M Bmjvg wbwl× K‡i‡Q mKj cÖKvi bvix
wbh©vZb| Dchy³
m¤§v‡bi mv‡_ wbwðZ K‡i‡Q bvixi my®úó mvgvwRK, A_©‰bwZK I
ivR‰bwZK AwaKvi|
wKš‘, AvR mg¯— wek¦e¨vcx Bmjvgx iv‡óªi Abycw¯’wZ‡Z bvix ewÂZ
n‡q‡Q Zvi
Avjvn& cÖ`Ë mKj AwaKvi †_‡K|
bvix‡`i cÖwZ
Bmjv‡gi `„wóf½x m¤úwK©Z wg_¨v cÖPviYv‡K fyj cÖwZcbœ Kivi Rb¨ GB
cyw¯—Kvi cÖ_g
Aa¨v‡q Bmjv‡g bvixi gh©v`v m¤ú‡K© ms‡¶‡c Av‡jvPbv Kiv n‡q‡Q|
cieZ©x wZb Aa¨v‡q
Av‡jvwPZ n‡q‡Q eZ©gvb we‡k¦ bvix wbh©vZ‡bi wPÎ Ges †`Lv‡bv
n‡q‡Q †h Gi g~j
KviY n‡”Q cwðgv cyuwRev`x wPš—v I e¨e¯’v| GKgvÎ BmjvgB †h
cv‡i bvix‡`i‡K
meai‡bi wbh©vZb †_‡K gy³ K‡i mwZ¨Kvi wbivcËv w`‡Z Ñ Zv wee„Z
n‡q‡Q cÂg I lô
Aa¨v‡q| me‡k‡l, Bmjv‡gi BwZnv‡mi gnxqmx bvix‡`i GKwU
msw¶ß wPÎ Zz‡j a‡i
cyw¯—Kvi mgvwß Uvbv n‡q‡Q|
cÖ_g
Aa¨vq : Bmjvgx mgvRe¨e¯’vq bvixi m¤§vb I gh©v`v
Bmjvg bvix‡`i
f~wgKv‡K h_v_© m¤§vb w`‡q‡Q| wb‡gœi Av‡jvPbvq Avgiv †`L‡ev gv, ¯¿x
I Kb¨v wn‡m‡e A_ev
GKRb †ckvRxwe I Ab¨vb¨ †¶‡Î f~wgKv cvjbKvix wn‡m‡e
Kxfv‡e Bmjvg
bvix‡`i gh©`v‡K myD”P K‡i‡Q|
1.
m¤§vb
I gh©v`vi gvcKvwV: cyuwRev`x mgv‡R g~jZt bvixi m¤§vb I gh©v`vi
gvcKvwV n‡”Q bvixi
ˆ`wnK †mŠ›`h© I Avw_©K cÖwZôv| Avi Bmjvgx mgv‡R
bvixi m¤§vb I
gh©v`vi gvcKvwV n‡”Q Zvi Avjvn&fxi“Zv ev ZvKIqv| ivm~j
(mvt) e‡j‡Qb, ÒGB c„w_ex
Ges Gi ga¨w¯’Z mg¯— wKQyB g~j¨evb| wKš‘
mePvB‡Z g~j¨evb
n‡”Q GKRb Avjvn&fxi“ bvix|Ó (gymwjg)
2.
gvZ…‡Z¡i
m¤§vb: cyuwRev`x
mgvR bvixi gvZ…Z¡‡K †`qwb †Kvb m¤§vb I gh©v`v|
Avi Bmjvg bvix‡K
gv wnmv‡e K‡i‡Q mePvB‡Z †ekx m¤§vwbZ| ivm~j (mvt)
e‡j‡Qb, Ògv‡qi cv‡qi
bx‡P mš—v‡bi RvbœvZ|Ó
3. M„nK‡g©i
gh©v`v: cyuwRev`x mgvR bvixi M„nK‡g©i g‡Zv ¸i“Z¡c~Y© KvR‡K K‡i‡Q
Zz”QZvw”Qj¨| Avi
Bmjvg bvixi M„‡ni Af¨š—‡ii ¸i“Z¡c~Y© `vwqZ¡, mš—vb
Rb¥`vb I jvjbcvjb
Kiv‡K w`‡q‡Q wRnv‡`i gh©v`v| ivm~j (mvt) e‡j‡Qb,
ÒN‡i †Zvgiv
(bvixiv) †Zvgv‡`i mš—vb‡`i hZœ bvI Avi GUvB †Zvgv‡`i Rb¨
wRnv`|Ó (gymbv‡` Avngv`)
4. ¯¿x wnmv‡e
m¤§vb: ¯¿x
wnmv‡eI bvix‡K Bmjvg w`‡q‡Q cwic~Y© m¤§vb I gh©v`v|
ivm~j (mvt)
e‡j‡Qb, Ò†Zvgv‡`i
g‡a¨ †mB e¨w³ DËg †h Zvi ¯¿xi Kv‡Q
DËg| Avi
wbðqB Avwg Avgvi ¯¿xi Kv‡Q me©v‡c¶v †ekx DËg|Ó (wZiwghx)
5.
Kb¨vmš—v‡bi
m¤§vb: cyuwRev`
wbqwš¿Z AvaywbK GB c„w_ex‡Z GLbI
Kb¨vmš—vb
AbvKvw•LZ| A_P Bmjvg DËg iƒ‡c Kb¨v mš—vb jvjb-cvjb
Kiv‡KI Bev`Z
wnmv‡e MY¨ K‡i‡Q| ivm~j (mvt) e‡j‡Qb, Ò†h e¨w³i †Kvb
Kb¨v mš—vb
_v‡K Ges Zv‡K †m DËg wk¶v †`q, Zvi Rb¨ RvbœvZ AeavwiZ
n‡q hvq|Ó
6.
me©¯—‡i
bvixi m¤§vb: Bmjvg mgv‡Ri mKj ¯—‡ii gvbyl‡K bvixi mv‡_
m¤§vbRbK AvPiY
Kivi Rb¨ DrmvwnZ K‡i‡Q| ivm~j (mvt) e‡j‡Qb,
ÒïaygvÎ
m¤§vwbZ †jv‡KivB bvix‡`i cÖwZ m¤§vbRbK AvPiY K‡i| Avi hviv
Am¤§vwbZ,
bvix‡`i cÖwZ Zv‡`i AvPiYI nq Am¤§vbRbK|Ó (wZiwghx)
c„ôv
- 03
c„ôv
- 04
GB n‡jv Bmjv‡g
bvixi gh©v`v Avi GUv eZ©gvb we‡k¦i cÖPwjZ g~j¨‡ev‡ai g‡Zv bq
†hLv‡b bvix‡`i
†`Lv nq †KejgvÎ †hŠbZvi cÖZxKiƒ‡c Ges †fv‡Mi Dcv`vb wn‡m‡e|
Gi djkÖ“wZ‡Z
cÖwZwbqZ bvixiv wbh©vwZZ n‡”Q, Avi Gi weeiY Avgiv †`Le cieZ©x
wZb Aa¨vq|
wØZxq
Aa¨vq : cwðgv we‡k¦ bvix wbh©vZb
cwð‡gi
bvix ¯^vaxbZvi KíKvwnbx :
bvix wbh©vZ‡bi
mgvavb wnmv‡e cwðgv wek¦ mg¯— c„w_exe¨vcx wd«Wg ev ¯^vaxbZvi a¨vbaviYv‡
K †Rv‡ii mv‡_
cÖPvi Ki‡jI, cÖK…Zc‡¶ ¯^vaxbZvi wg_¨v †kvMv‡b Rxe‡bi
cÖwZwU c`‡¶‡c
cwð‡gi bvixiv n‡q‡Q GK Awfbe `vm‡Z¡i wkKvi| wek¦ my›`ix
cÖwZ‡hvwMZv, mycvi
wnU nwjDW gywf, bvgx-`vgx d¨vkb g¨vMvwRb wKsev †PvL avuav‡bv
weÁvc‡bi mvnv‡h¨
Zviv gymwjg we‡k¦I AvKl©Yxqfv‡e Dc¯’vcb Ki‡Q Zv‡`i gy³-
¯^vaxb bvix‡`i|
Zv‡`i B‡j±ªwbK Avi wcÖ›U wgwWqv‡Z AvaywbKv bvix‡`i †`L‡j g‡b nq
Rxe‡bi me‡¶‡ÎB
Zviv cÖPÛ iKg ¯^vaxb| ¯^vaxb mgv‡R Zv‡`i f~wgKv wba©vi‡Yi
†¶‡Î, ¯^vaxb
†cvkvK cwiav‡bi †¶‡Î wKsev ¯^vaxb cyi“‡li mv‡_ m¤úK© ‰Zixi †¶‡Î|
wKš‘ ev¯—eZv n‡jv,
Zv‡`i kix‡ii IRb, cÖwZwU A‡½i gvc, †cvkvK-cwi”Q` †_‡K ïi“
K‡i mvRm¾v ch©š—
mewKQzB wbqwš¿Z nq d¨vkb, Wv‡qU wKsev Km‡gwUKm BÛv÷ªxi
Øviv| mgv‡Ri
wb‡`©k gvb‡Z wM‡q Zviv wb‡R‡K cwiYZ K‡i m¯—v we‡bv`‡bi cv‡Î|
Avi, gy³-¯^vaxb
nevi Rb¨ eva¨Zvg~jK fv‡e Kvu‡a Zz‡j †bq RxweKv DcvR©‡bi g‡Zv
KwVb `vwqZ¡|
cwðgv
cyuwRev`x mf¨Zv Ñ bvix wbh©vZ‡bi g~j KviY :
cyuwRev` n‡”Q
gvby‡li ˆZix GK Rxebe¨e¯’v, hvi g~jwfwË e¨w³ ¯^v_©wmw×| G
Rxebe¨e¯’vq
gvby‡li †bB Kv‡iv Kv‡Q †Kvb Revew`wnZv| eis i‡q‡Q jvMvgnxb
e¨w³¯^vaxbZvi bv‡g
†¯^”QvPvixZvi my‡hvM| ZvB, cyuwRev` wbqwš¿Z mgv‡R Revew`wnZvi
Abycw¯’wZ Avi
P~ovš— e¨w³ ¯^vaxbZvi my‡hvM wb‡q gvbyl, A‡b¨i PvIqv-cvIqv, Av‡eMAbyf~
wZ, AmnvqZ¡ GgbwK
bvix‡KI cwiYZ K‡i gybvdv nvwm‡ji c‡Y¨|
cyuwRev`x mgvR
bvix‡K †`‡L wb‡iU †fvM¨cY¨ I gybvdv nvwm‡ji DcKiY wnmv‡e|
d‡j, bvix mgv‡Ri
†Kvb m¤§vwbZ m`m¨ wnmv‡e we‡ewPZ bv n‡q, mgv‡R cÖPwjZ
Ab¨vb¨ c‡Y¨i g‡ZvB
cwiYZ nq wewKwKwbi c‡Y¨| Avi nxb ¯^v_© wmw×i †gv‡n AÜ
gvbyl bvixi ˆ`wnK
†mŠ›`h©‡K cyuwR K‡i Pvjvq RgRgvU e¨emv| e¯‘Zt bvixi cÖwZ G
RNY¨ `„wóf½xi
cÖZ¨¶ djvdj wnmv‡e †¯^”QvPvix gvbyl ïaygvÎ jvfevb nevi Rb¨
wkw¶Z-Awkw¶Z,
abx-`wi`ª mKj bvix‡KB K‡i wbh©vwZZ|
gy³ mgvR, gy³
gvbyl, gy³ A_©bxwZ BZ¨vw` cwðgv cyuwRev`x Rxeb`k©‡bi g~jgš¿ n‡jI,
gy³ mgv‡Ri gy³
Rxe‡bi aviYv bvix‡K gyw³ †`qwb eis eû¸‡b †e‡o‡Q Zvi Dci
AZ¨vPvi Avi
wbh©vZ‡bi cwigvY| ev¯—eZv n‡jv, wd«Wg ev ¯^vaxbZvi aviYv cwðgv
mgv‡Ri gvbyl‡K
†V‡j w`‡q‡Q †¯^”QvPvix I `vwqZ¡Ávbnxb GK Rxe‡bi w`‡K| †hLv‡b
¯^vaxbZvi
Ace¨env‡i wbh©vwZZ n‡”Q bvixmn mgv‡Ri AMwYZ gvbyl| Revew`wnZvi
Abycw¯’wZ‡Z GK
gvby‡li ¯^vaxbZv n‡”Q Ab¨ gvby‡li `vm‡Z¡i KviY| Avi, e¨w³
¯^vaxbZvi P~ovš—
AccÖ‡qv‡M Zv‡`i mgv‡R evo‡Q Lyb, al©Y, †hŠb nqivbx I cvwievwiK
mwnsmZvmn mKj
cÖKvi bvix wbh©vZb| GQvov, mxgvnxb ¯^vaxbZvi my‡hvM wb‡q eo eo
gvwëb¨vkbvj
†Kv¤úvbx¸‡jvI ïaygvÎ jvfevb nevi Rb¨ bvix‡K cwiYZ Ki‡Q wbLv`
†fvM¨c‡Y¨|
GK
bR‡i cwðgv mgv‡R bvix wbh©vZb :
1. d¨vkb BÛvw÷ªi
wbh©vZb: cwðgv mgv‡R g~jZt Zv‡`i d¨vkb, Wv‡qU Avi
Km‡gwUKm&
BÛvw÷ª¸‡jvB wba©viY K‡i bvixi †cvkvK, Zvi mvR-m¾v, GgbwK
Zvi †`‡ni cÖwZwU
A‡½i gvc| ¯^vaxbZvi wg_¨v †kvMv‡b bvix‡K Zviv eva¨
K‡i RNY¨fv‡e †`n
cÖ`k©b Ki‡Z| Zvici, Aa©bMœ †mBme bvix‡`n‡K †K›`ª
K‡i M‡o †Zvjv nq
wewjqb wewjqb Wjv‡ii e¨emv| 1988 mv‡j UvBg
g¨vMvwR‡b cÖKvwkZ
Z_¨ Abyhvqx, hy³iv‡R¨i weDwU BÛvw÷ª¸‡jv cÖwZeQi 8.9
wewjqb cvDÛ gybvdv
AR©b K‡i _v‡K| Avi, mg¯— wek¦e¨vcx d¨vkb
BÛvw÷ª¸‡jv eQ‡i
AR©b K‡i gvÎ 1.5 nvRvi wewjqb Wjv‡ii gybvdv|
Aciw`‡K, bvgKiv
g‡Wj ev mycvi g‡Wj n‡Z wM‡q bvix‡K Kgv‡Z nq
Avk¼vRbK ch©v‡q
Zvi IRb| cwiYwZ‡Z eܨvZ¡, fqven wbgœ i³Pvc,
A¨v‡bv‡iw·qv wKsev
ey‡jwgqvi g‡Zv gvivZ¥K †ivM nq Zvi Rxebm½x|
b¨vkbvj Bbw÷wUDU
Ad †gbUvj †nj_ Gi cÖ`Ë cwimsL¨vb Abyhvqx hy³iv‡óª
cÖwZ 20 R‡b 1 Rb
bvix A¨v‡bv‡iw·qv, ey‡jwgqv wKsev gvivZ¥K ¶zavg›`vi
c„ôv
- 05 c„ôv - 06
wkKvi nq| Avi
cÖwZeQi 1000 Rb gvwK©b bvix A¨v‡bv‡iw·qv †iv‡M g„Zz¨eiY
K‡i| (m~Î: Av‡gwiKvb
A¨v‡bv‡iw·qv/ey‡jwgqv A¨v‡mvwm‡qkb)| e¯‘Zt d¨vkb
BÛvw÷ª¸‡jvi †eu‡a
†`qv fvBUvj ÷¨vwUKwUKm& AR©b Ki‡Z wM‡qB cwð‡g
AKv‡j S‡i hvq G me
bvixi Rxeb|
2.
al©Y
I †hŠb nqivwb: bvix-cyi“‡li jvMvgnxb †gjv‡gkv Avi cÖe„wË c~i‡Yi
Aeva ¯^vaxbZvi
cÖZ¨¶ djvdj ¯^iƒc cwðgv mgv‡Ri bvixiv Anin nq al©Y
I †hŠb nqivwbi
wkKvi| GgbwK GB weK…Z AvPiY †_‡K †m mgv‡Ri wb®úvc
wkïiv ch©š— †invB
cvq bv| bvix ¯^vaxbZvi AMÖcw_K hy³iv‡óª cÖwZ 45
†m‡K‡Û awl©Z nq
GKRb bvix, Avi eQ‡i GB msL¨v wM‡q `vuovq mv‡o mvZ
j‡¶| (m~Î : w`
AvMwj Uªy_, †jLK gvB‡Kj c¨v‡iw›U)| Avi, e„‡U‡b cÖwZ 20
R‡bi g‡a¨ GKRb
bvix awl©Z nq Ges gvÎ 100 R‡bi g‡a¨ GKRb al©K
aiv c‡o|
3.
Kg©‡¶‡Î
nqivwb: MYgva¨g ¸‡jv‡Z bvix‡K cÖwZwbqZ †m· wm¤^j wnmv‡e
Dc¯’vcb Kivi d‡j
bvixi cÖwZ mgv‡Ri me©¯—‡i ˆZix nq Am¤§vbRbK GK
weK…Z `„wóf½x| Avi
weK…Z `„wóf½xi djvdj wnmv‡e wkw¶Z bvixivI
Kg©‡¶‡Î Zv‡`i
cyi“l mnKg©xi Kv‡Q cÖwZwbqZ nq †hŠb nqivwbi wkKvi|
wgwWqv I miKvix
Z_¨ Abyhvqx hy³iv‡óª cÖwZeQi 40-60% bvix Kg©‡¶‡Î
†hŠb nqivwbi wkKvi
nq| Avi BD‡ivwcqvb DB‡gbm jwei cÖ`Ë Z_¨ Abyhvqx
hy³iv‡R¨I 40-50%
bvix Zvi cyi“l mnKg©xi KvQ †_‡K wewfbœ ai‡bi †hŠb
nqivwbi wkKvi nq|
4. cvwievwiK
mwnsmZv: †h mgv‡R †bB Kv‡iv †Kvb Revew`wnZv, †bB ci¯ú‡ii
cÖwZ †Kvb kª×v‡eva
Avi †mB mv‡_ i‡q‡Q mxgvnxb †¯^”QvPvixZvi my‡hvM, †m
mgv‡R fqven
cvwievwiK mwnsmZv nq wbZ¨ ‰bwgwËK e¨vcvi| e¯‘Zt Rxeb
m¤ú‡K© G ai‡Yi
fq¼i åvwš—g~jK aviYv †_‡KB we‡qi c~‡e© ev c‡i memgqB
cwð‡gi bvixiv nq
Zvi cyi“lm½xi cvkweK wbh©vZ‡bi wkKvi| hy³iv‡óª cÖwZ
18 †m‡K‡Û GKRb
bvix ¯^vgx KZ…©K cÖüZ nq| BDGm Rvw÷m wWcvU©‡g›U
Gi 1998 mv‡j cÖ`Ë
Z_¨ Abyhvqx, hy³iv‡óª cÖwZeQi 9 j¶ 60 nvRvi
cvwievwiK mwnsmZvi
NUbv N‡U| Avi, cÖvq 40 j¶ bvix Zvi ¯^vgx A_ev
eq‡d«‡Ûi Øviv
kvixwiKfv‡e nq wbh©vwZZ|
5. Kzgvix gv‡q‡`i
hš¿bv: bvix-cyi“‡li
Aeva †gjv‡gkvi cÖavb Amnvq wkKvi nq
cwð‡gi Kzgvix
Aíeqmx bvixiv| Avb‡›`i ce© †k‡l †ekxi fvM †¶‡ÎB cyi“l
m½x Avw_©K ev
mvgvwRK †Kvb `vq`vwqZ¡ ¯^xKvi bv Kivq GKvKx wb‡Z nq
Zv‡K AbvûZ mš—v‡bi
`vwqZ¡| Avi, AcwiYZ eq‡m ce©Zmg `vwqZ¡ wb‡q wM‡q
Zv‡K n‡Z nq fq¼i
kvixwiK I gvbwmK wbh©vZ‡bi wkKvi| hy³iv‡óªi
¸Ug¨vPvi Bbw÷wUDU
Gi cÖ`Ë cwimsL¨vb Abyhvqx, hy³iv‡óª cÖwZeQi 15-17
eQi eqmx bvix‡`i
g‡a¨ cÖvq 7 j¶ 50 nvRvi AweevwnZ bvix Mf©eZx nq|
Avi, †m‡`‡ki
K¨vwj‡dvwb©qv iv‡R¨ eQ‡i 1 j¶ 13 nvRvi wK‡kvix †g‡q
Mf©aviY K‡i|
6. Kg©‡¶‡Î
ˆelg¨g~jK wbh©vZb: cwðgv mf¨Zv c„w_exe¨vcx bvix-cyi“‡li
mgAwaKv‡ii evZ©v
cÖPvi Ki‡jI Zv‡`i wb‡R‡`i mgv‡RB bvixiv cÖPÛ
ˆel¨‡gi wkKvi| ïay
gvÎ bvix nevi Rb¨ GKB Kv‡Ri Rb¨ Zv‡K cyi“‡li
PvB‡Z †`qv nq A‡bK
Kg A_©| GLb †_‡K cÖvq 40 eQi Av‡M †cÖwm‡W›U
†K‡bwW hy³iv‡óª
BKz‡qj †c A¨v± AvBb cvk Ki‡jI, GLbI 15 eQi I Zvi
D‡aŸ© Kg©iZ bvixiv
GKB Kv‡Ri Rb¨ cyi“l‡`i PvB‡Z cÖwZ Wjv‡i 23 †m›U
Kg DcvR©b K‡i|
BD.Gm Mf©‡g›U A¨vKvD‡›UwewjwU Awdm Gi Rwic †_‡K
†`Lv hvq, †m †`‡ki
wkí cÖwZôvb¸‡jvi e¨e¯’vcbv wefv‡Mi †gvU Kg©Pvixi
cÖvq 70 fvM bvix
n‡jI bvix e¨e¯’vcKiv cyi“‡li PvB‡Z A‡bK Kg A_© †c‡q
_v‡K| ïay ZvB bq,
1995-2000 mv‡ji g‡a¨ hy³iv‡óª bvix-cyi“‡li
DcvR©‡bi GB ˆelg¨
µgvš^‡q †e‡o‡Q| e¯‘Zt cwð‡gi †`k¸‡jv‡Z bvixiv
ïaygvÎ `ywU †ckvq
cyi“l‡`i PvB‡Z †ekx DcvR©b K‡i, Zvi GKwU n‡”Q
g‡Wwjs Avi Ab¨wU
n‡”Q cwZZve„wË|
7. c‡Y©vMÖvwd
BÛvw÷ªi wbh©vZb: cwðgv we‡k¦ bvixiv mePvB‡Z RNb¨ fv‡e
wbh©vwZZ nq
c‡Y©vMÖvwd BÛvw÷ªi gva¨‡g| †hLv‡b, d¨vkb BÛvw÷ªi g‡ZvB bMœ
bvix‡`n‡K †K›`ª
K‡i M‡o †Zvjv n‡q‡Q c„w_ex e¨vcx we¯—…Z gybvdv‡jvfx GK
Pµ| Avi, Gi RNb¨
wkKvi n‡”Q j¶ †KvwU Amnvq bvix I wkï| ïay bMœ
bvix †`n‡K DcRxe¨
K‡i GB c„w_ex‡Z 57 wewjqb BD.Gm Wjv‡ii c‡Y©vMÖvwd
BÛvw÷ª M‡o D‡V‡Q|
hy³iv‡óªi c‡Y©vMÖvwd BÛvw÷ªi evwl©K ivR¯^ †m †`‡ki
eûj cÖPvwiZ
B‡j±ªwbK wgwWqv G.we.wm, wm.we.Gm Ges Gb.we.wm-i cÖ`Ë †gvU
ivR‡¯^i PvB‡ZI
†ekx (6.2 wewjqb Wjvi)| cÖK…Zc‡¶, cyuwRev`x g‡š¿
`xw¶Z gvby‡li
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Rxe‡b GK gywZ©gvb AvZ¼| wbR ¯^v_©wmw×i
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bvixiv Kg©‡¶‡ÎI
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mgv‡Ri G RNY¨
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c„ôv
- 09 c„ôv - 10
PZz_©
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c„ôv
- 11 c„ôv - 12
· cwZZve„wË I
bvix cvPvi: bvixi Rxe‡b Pig AegvbbvKi Avi N„b¨ †ckv n‡”Q
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GB `„wóf½x †_‡KB iv‡óª emevmKvix mKj bvixB nq m¤§vwbZ|
Avi bvixi cÖwZ
mgv‡Ri GB `„wóf½x ev¯—evqb Ki‡Z ivóª cÖZ¨¶ f~wgKv cvjb K‡i|
Bmjvgx
iv‡óª bvix wbhv©Zb cÖwZ‡iv‡ai g~jbxwZgvjv :
cÖ_gZ: cyuwRev`x a¨vb
avibvi Av‡jv‡K cÖwZwôZ eZ©gvb mgv‡Ri g~jwfwË n‡jv e¨w³
¯^v_©wmw×| †h
aviYv †_‡K bvix AvR cwibZ n‡q‡Q gybvdv nvwm‡ji DcKi‡b| Avi
Bmjvgx Rxebe¨e¯’vi
g~jwfwË n‡jv ÔRevew`wnZvÕ ev ÔAvjvnfxwZÕ| A_©vr bvix Ges
cyi“l cÖ‡Z¨‡KB
Zv‡`i cÖwZwU Kv‡Ri e¨vcv‡i Avjvni ûKyg gvb‡Z Ges Zvui Kv‡Q
Revew`wn Ki‡Z
eva¨| g~jZt Rxeb m¤ú‡K© GB avibvi wfwˇZ ïay bvix bq †Kvb
wKQy‡KB mgvR Ges
mgv‡Ri gvbyl e¨w³MZ gybvdv jv‡fi DcKi‡b cwibZ Ki‡Z cv‡i
bv|
wØZxqZ: cyuwRev`x G mgvR
wek¦vm K‡i jvMvgnxb e¨w³ ¯^vaxbZvq, ZvB mgv‡R bvixi
cÖwZ wK `„wóf½x
n‡e Zv mgv‡Ri gvbylB wba©viY K‡i| jvMvgnxb G ¯^vaxbZv †_‡KB
g~jZt mgm¨vi ïi“|
wKš‘ Bmjvg G mgm¨vi g~‡jB KzVvivNvZ K‡i| Bmjvgx
Rxebe¨e¯’vq e¨w³
¯^vaxbZvi †KvbI ¯’vb †bB| ZvB e¨w³ ¯^vaxbZvi bv‡g bvix‡K
†hfv‡e B”Qv †mfv‡e
e¨envi Kivi †Kvb my‡hvMI Bmjv‡g †bB| mgv‡Ri gvbyl
c„ôv
- 13 c„ôv - 14
†mfv‡eB bvixi cÖwZ
`„wóf½x †cvlb Ki‡Z eva¨ ‡hUv Avjvn ZvÕAvjv Aby‡gv`b
K‡i‡Qb| Zv bv n‡j
Avjvn&Õi `„wó‡Z Zviv n‡e mxgvj•NbKvix| Avjvn& KziAv‡b
e‡j‡Qb ‡h,
Ògywgb bvix
Ges cyi“‡li G e¨vcv‡i †KvbI AwaKvi †bB †h, hLb Avjvn& I ivm~j
†KvbI wel‡q
Zv‡`i‡K wb‡`©k †`q ZLb †m e¨vcv‡i Zviv wfbœ gZ †cvlY K‡i| Avi
†h †KD
Avjvn& I ivm~j‡K Agvb¨ Kij †m †Zv ¯úóZB c_åó|Ó (myiv Avj
Avn&hve:
36)
Z…ZxqZ: cyuwRev`x G mgv‡R
bvix‡K cÖwZwbqZ Dc¯’vcb Kiv nq ‡hŠbZvi cÖZxK
wnmv‡e| myZivs
cyi“liv Zv‡K G `„wó‡ZB †`L‡Z Af¨¯— nq| djkÖ“wZ‡Z, mgv‡R
wkw¶Z Awkw¶Z mKj
bvixB nq wbh©vwZZ| Avi Bmjvgx ivóª I mgv‡R bvix iv‡óªi
m¤§vb Ges G m¤§vb
i¶vi `vwqZ¡ mgvR I iv‡óªi| myZivs, mgv‡R †Kvb Ae¯’v‡ZB
bvix‡K Ggbfv‡e
Dc¯’vcb Kiv nq bv, hv‡Z Zvi m¤§vb ev gh©v`v ¶wZMÖ¯’ nq | ivm~j
(mvt) e‡j‡Qb, ÒGB c„w_ex
Ges Gi ga¨w¯’Z mg¯— wKQyB g~j¨evb| wKš‘ mePvB‡Z
g~j¨evb n‡”Q
GKRb ci‡nRMvi bvix|Ó (gymwjg)
PZz_©Z: Bmjvg ci cyi“‡li
mvg‡b bvixi ˆ`wnK †mŠ›`h© cÖKvk‡K Aby‡gv`b K‡i bv|
GRb¨ Bmjvgx mgv‡R
bvix‡`i †cvlv‡Ki e¨vcv‡i i‡q‡Q Avjvn& cÖ`Ë my¯úó weavb|
M„‡ni evB‡i ev
Kg©‡¶‡Î bvix‡K Aek¨B GB weavb †g‡b Pj‡Z nq weavq mgv‡R bvixi
‰`wnK †mŠ›`h©‡K
cyuwR K‡i e¨emv Kivi †Kvb my‡hvM †bB| e¯‘Zt Bmjvg bvix‡K Ggb
†KvbI †ckvq
AskMÖnb Kivi AbygwZ †`q bv, hv‡Z bvix Zvi †mŠ›`h© cÖKvk Ki‡Z eva¨
nq ev †mŠ›`h©‡K
cyuwR Kiv hvq| †hgb: g‡Wwjs, A¨vWfviUvBR‡g›U BZ¨vw`| Avjvn&
KziAv‡b e‡j‡Qb ‡h,
Ò....Ges
†Zvgiv (bvixiv) Rv‡njx hy‡Mi g‡Zv †Zvgv‡`i †mŠ›`h© Ges AjsKvi mg~n‡K
cÖ`©kb K‡iv
bv|Ó (m~iv
Avj Avn&hve: 33)
cÂgZ: Bmjvg ïaygvÎ Ggb
me †ckvB bvixi Rb¨ Aby‡gv`b K‡i, ‡h mg¯— †¶‡Î
bvix‡K Zvi †hvM¨Zv
Ges †gavi wfwˇZ hvPvB Kiv nq| GKRb gymwjg bvix Wv³vix,
BwÄwbqvwis,
wk¶KZv, weÁvb wfwËK M‡elYv, e¨emv-evwbR¨, mvsevw`KZv, wePviKvh©
mn wewfbœ †ckvq
AskMÖnY Ki‡Z cv‡i| wbR wbR †hvM¨Zv Abyhvqx bvix mgv‡Ri wewfbœ
Kg©Kv‡Û AskMÖnY
K‡i mgv‡R Ges iv‡óª ¸i“Z¡c~Y© f~wgKv ivL‡Z cv‡i|
lôZ: cyuwRev`x G mgv‡Ri
g‡Zv Bmjvg bvix-cyi“‡li jvMvgnxb Aeva †gjv‡gkv‡K
Aby‡gv`b K‡i bv|
g~jZt bvix-cyi“‡li Aeva †gjv‡gkv †_‡KB al©b, ciKxqv †cÖg,
weevn ewn©f~Z ‡hŠb
m¤úK© BZ¨vw` wewfbœ mgm¨vi Rb¥| Bmjv‡g N‡i Ges evB‡i Kv‡Ri
cÖ‡qvR‡b bvix
cyi“‡li †gjv‡gkv m¤ú‡K© my¯úó bxwZgvjv i‡q‡Q| G bxwZgvjvi evB‡i
bvix cyi“‡li
†gjv‡gkv‡K Bmjvg Aby‡gv`b K‡i bv| d‡j, mgv‡R A‡nZzK mgm¨viI
Rb¥ nqbv|
mßgZ: †hŠZz‡Ki Rb¨ G‡`‡k
cÖwZeQi nvRvi nvRvi bvix wbnZ nq Avi j¶ j¶ bvix
nq wbh©vwZZ| A_P
Bmjvgx mgvR †hŠZzK cÖ_viB g~‡jvrcvUb K‡i| we‡qi mgq bvix‡K
cyi“‡li †gvnivbv
Av`vq Ki‡Z nq, hv bvixi m¤§vb wnmv‡e Avjvn& KZ…©K wba©vwiZ| Kb¨v
ev Kb¨vi evevi KvQ
†_‡K †KvbI iKg m¤ú` `vex Kivi ‡Kvb AwaKvi Bmjvg cyi“l‡K
†`qwb| Gi Ab¨_v
n‡j Bmjvgx iv‡óªi i‡q‡Q Awfhy³ e¨w³i wei“‡× AvBbvbyM e¨e¯’v
†bevi AwaKvi|
g~jZt Bmjvgx ivóª
Ges mgvR GB mg¯— †gŠwjK bxwZgvjv cÖYq‡bi gva¨‡g bvix‡K
mgv‡R Ggb fv‡e
Dc¯’vcb K‡i, hv Zv‡K m¤§vb Ges ghv©`vq f~wlZ K‡i| GKB mv‡_
mgv‡Ri me©¯—‡i
ˆZix nq bvixi cÖwZ m¤§vbRbK `„wóf½x| hv mgv‡R wkw¶Z-Awkw¶Z,
kû‡i-MÖvg¨,
abx-Mixe mKj bvixi wbh©vwZZ Ges wbM„nxZ nevi c_ i“× K‡i|
lô
Aa¨vq: Bmjvgx wLjvdZ iv‡óª bvixi AwaKvi
bvix cyi“l Df‡qB
Avjvn&Õi m„wó, gvbe mgv‡Ri Aw¯—‡Z¡i Rb¨ Df‡qiB cÖ‡qvRb
Acwinvh©| ZvB
gvbyl wnmv‡e bvix Ges cyi“l `yÕRbB Avjvn&Õi wbKU mgvb ¸i“Z¡c~Y©|
`yÕRb‡KB
Avjvn& w`‡q‡Qb GKB ai‡bi gvbweK Ges ‰RweK ‰ewkó¨| `yÕR‡biB i‡q‡Q
¶zav, Z…òv,
`ytL-Kó Ges Avb‡›`i Abyf~wZ| i‡q‡Q GB c„w_ex‡Z †eu‡P _vKvi mgvb
AwaKvi| Avjvn&
KziAv‡b e‡j‡Qb,
ÒwZwbB
Avjvn& whwb †Zvgv‡`i‡K GKRb gvbyl n‡Z m„wó K‡i‡Qb Ges †mB gvbyl n‡ZB
m„wó K‡i‡Qb
Zvi †Rvov †hb †m Zvi wbKU †_‡K cÖkvwš— jvf Ki‡Z cv‡i...Ó (m~iv
Avivdt 189)|
AvaywbK mf¨Zv
†hLv‡b gvÎ MZ †`ok eQi hveZ bvixi AwaKvi wb‡q wPš—v-fvebv
Ki‡Q, †mLv‡b GLb
†_‡K cÖvq †PŠÏÕk eQi Av‡M cyi“‡li g‡ZvB Bmjvg bvix‡K
w`‡q‡Q mywbw`©ó
mvgvwRK, A_©‰bwZK Ges ivR‰bwZK AwaKvi|
c„ôv
- 15 c„ôv - 16
Bmjv‡g
bvixi mvgvwRK AwaKvi :
Bmjvg mgv‡R bvixi
cÖwZ c¶cvZnxb Ges b¨vqm½Z `„wóf½xi AeZvibv K‡i‡Q|
ivmyj (mvt) e‡j‡Qb,
Òhvi
GKwU Kb¨v mš—vb Av‡Q Ges †m Zv‡K Rxeš— Kei †`qwb,
Zv‡K wbM„nxZ
K‡iwb Ges cyÎ mš—vb‡K Zvi Dci cÖvavb¨ †`qwb, Avjvn Zv‡K Rvbœv‡Z
cÖ‡ek
Kiv‡eb|Ó (gymbv‡` Avngv`, nv`xm bs : 1957)| GQvovI GKwU cwic~Y© gvbyl
wnmv‡e mvgvwRK
fv‡e Bmjvg bvix‡K w`‡q‡Q wewfbœ AwaKvi|
1.
weevn
Ges Zrmsµvš— AwaKvi : weevn gvbe Rxe‡bi GKwU AZ¨š— ¸i“Z¡c~Y©
Aa¨vq| g~jZt weevn
Ggb GK Pzw³ hvi gva¨‡g gvbeRvwZi eski¶v, gvby‡li
¯^vfvweK ˆRweK
Pvwn`v c~iY Ges m‡e©vcwi bvix-cyi“‡li g‡a¨ fv‡jvevmv I
†mŠnv`¨©c~Y©
m¤ú‡K©i wfwË ‰Zix nq| Avjvn ‡KviAv‡b e‡j‡Qb,
ÒGes Zvui
wb`k©bvejxi g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q †h, wZwb †Zvgv‡`i ga¨ †_‡KB †Zvgv‡`i Rywo
‰Zix K‡i‡Qb
hv‡Z †Zvgiv Zvi wbKU ‡_‡K kvwš— cvI Ges wZwb †Zvgv‡`i g‡a¨
cvi¯úvwiK
fv‡jvevmv I `qv m„wó K‡i‡Qb|...Ó (myiv i“g t 21)
· GB kvwš— I
†mŠnv`©c~Y© mnve¯’vb ZLbB m¤¢e hLb bvix cyi“‡li m¤úK© n‡e
cvi¯úvwiK
mn‡hvwMZv Ges mngwg©Zvi| GRb¨B Bmjv‡g bvix‡K Zvi B‡”Qi
wei“‡× we‡q Kiv ev
†`qv m¤ú~b© wb‡la| Avey ûivqiv (ivt) †_‡K ewY©Z ivm~j
(mvt) e‡j‡Qb ‡h, ÒGKRb weaev
bvixi mv‡_ civgk© Kiv e¨ZxZ Zv‡K weevn
†`qv DwPZ bq
Ges GKRb Kzgvix bvixi AbygwZ QvovI Zvi weevn †`qv
DwPZ bq...|Ó
(mnxn&
eyLvix, LÛ 7)|
GQvovI Lvbmv web‡Z
wL`vg Avj Avbmvixqv KZ…©K ewY©Z †h, weaev Ae¯’vq
Zvi evev Zvi we‡q
w`‡qwQ‡jb hv wQj Zvi LyeB AcQ›`| AZtci wZwb ivm~j
(mvt) Gi wbKU
†M‡jb Ges ivm~jyjvn& Zvi we‡q evwZj e‡j †NvlYv Ki‡jb|
(mnxn eyLvix, LÛ
7)|
GQvovI ¯^vgx
wbe©vP‡b bvixi i‡q‡Q c~Y© ¯^vaxbZv| wb‡Ri ¯^vgx †m wb‡RB
wbe©vPb Ki‡Z cv‡i
Ges GgbwK cQ›` g‡Zv cyi“l‡K we‡qi cÖ¯—veI cvVv‡Z
cv‡i|
2.
¯^vgx-¯¿xi
AwaKvi : Bmjv‡g ¯^vgx-¯¿xi G‡K A‡b¨i Dci AwaKvi LyeB
my¯úó Ges gvbe
cÖK…wZi mv‡_ m¤ú~b© fv‡e mvgÄm¨c~Y©| hw`I kvixie„wËK
Ges gvbweK w`K
†_‡K Df‡qiB i‡q‡Q mgvb AwaKvi| wKš‘ `vwqZ¡ Ges †bZ…
‡Z¡i w`K †_‡K
Avjvn& ZvÕAvjv cyi“l‡K bvixi Dci cÖvavb¨ w`‡q‡Qb| GwU
gvby‡li cÖK…wZi
mv‡_ mvgÄm¨c~Y© Ges GKwU myk„sLj mvgvwRK I cvwievwiK
Rxe‡bi Rb¨ LyeB
¸i“Z¡c~Y©| Avjvn& KziAv‡b e‡j‡Qb,
Òbvix‡`i †Zgwb
b¨vqm½Z AwaKvi Av‡Q, †hgb Zv‡`i Dci Av‡Q cyi“l‡`i| wKš‘
cyi“l‡`i i‡q‡Q
bvixi Dci gh©v`v|Ó (myiv evKviv t 228)
wKš‘ GB cÖvavb¨
ïaygvÎ `vwqZ¡cvjb, wbivcËv`vb Ges cwiPvjbvi †¶‡ÎB mxgve×|
Kvib, cÖK…wZMZ
fv‡e Avjvn bvix‡K `~e©j K‡i m„wó Kivq cyi“‡li Rb¨ bvixi wbivcËv
wbwðZ Kiv Avek¨K|
wKš‘ Zvi gv‡b GB bq †h, GUv cyi“l‡K AvBbMZ w`K †_‡K
†Kvb myweavRbK
Ae¯’vb †`q| GQvovI cwiev‡ii cÖavb wnmv‡e cyi“l‡K †¯^”QvPvix
nevi †Kvb my‡hvMI
Bmjvg ‡`qwb| eis †h †Kvb cvwievwiK wm×v‡š—i e¨vcv‡i Bmjvg
memgqB G‡K A‡b¨i
g‡Zi cÖwZ kª×vkxj nevi ZvwM` w`‡q‡Q| GQvovI ¯¿xi †gŠwjK
AwaKvi c~i‡Yi
cvkvcvwk ‡KviAvb Ges nv`x‡m ¯^vgx‡K ¯¿xi cÖwZ m`q, mnbkxj Ges
†mŠnv`©¨c~Y©
AvPi‡bi Rb¨ evievi ZvwM` †`qv n‡q‡Q| Avjvn& KziAv‡b e‡j‡Qb,
Ò.... Zv‡`i
(¯¿x‡`i) mv‡_ m™¢v‡e Ae¯’vb Ki| hw` Zv‡`i †KvbI wKQy †Zvgv‡`i
AcQ›` nq, Z‡e
GgbI n‡Z cv‡i †Zvgiv hv AcQ›` KiQ Avjvn ZviB gv‡S wbwnZ
†i‡L‡Qb
Kj¨vb|Ó (myiv wbmv t 19)
· ¯¿x wnmv‡e Bmjvg
bvix‡K w`‡q‡Q h‡_vc‡hvMx gh©v`v Ges AwaKvi| gyqvweqv
Avj Kzmvqwi (iv.)
KZ…©K ewY©Z, ÒAvwg GKw`b Avjvn&Õi ivmyj (mvt) Gi
wbKU †Mjvg
Ges Zv‡K wR‡Ám Kijvg, ÔAvgv‡`i ¯¿x‡`i Avgv‡`i Dci wK
AwaKvi
i‡q‡Q?Õ wZwb DËi w`‡jb, Ô‡Zvgiv hv Lv‡e Zv‡`i‡K ZvB †L‡Z
†`‡e, †Zvgiv
hv ci‡e Zv‡`i‡K ZvB cwiavb Kiv‡e| Avi Zv‡`i‡K cÖnvi
K‡ivbv Ges
wZi¯‹vi K‡ivbv|ÕÓ (mybvb-B-Avey `vD`, 2139 bs nv`xm)|
GQvovI ivm~jyjvn
e‡j‡Qb ‡h, Ò†Zvgv‡`i g‡a¨ †mB DËg †h Zvi cwiev‡ii
wbKU DËg|
Ges wbðqB Avwg Avgvi cwiev‡ii wbKU mePvB‡Z †ekx DËg|Ó
(wZiwghx)
Ab¨ GK nv`x‡m
ivm~jyjvn e‡j‡Qb †h, ÒïaygvÎ m¤§vwbZ †jv‡KivB bvix‡`i
cÖwZ
m¤§vbRbK AvPib K‡i| Avi hviv Am¤§vwbZ, bvix‡`i cÖwZ Zv‡`i
AvPibI nq
Am¤§vbRbK|Ó (wZiwghx)
3.
weevn
we‡”Q‡`i AwaKvi : Bmjvg bvix‡K w`‡q‡Q cÖ‡qvR‡b ZvjvK cÖ`v‡bi
AwaKvi| wewfbœ
Kvi‡b GKRb bvix Zvi ¯^vgxi KvQ †_‡K we‡”Q` Kvgbv
Ki‡Z cv‡i| †hgb :
c„ôv
- 17
· ¯^vgxi hw` †hŠb
A¶gZv _v‡K|
· ‰eevwnK Pzw³‡Z hw`
bvixi ZvjvK cÖ`v‡bi AwaKvi D‡jwLZ _v‡K|
· ¯^vgxi hw` Ggb
†KvbI gvivZ¥K e¨vwa _v‡K hvi Øviv ¯¿x wb‡Ri ¶wZ nevi
AvksKv K‡i|
· m½wZ _vKv Ae¯’vqI
¯^vgx hw` ¯¿xi fib‡cvl‡Yi e¨e¯’v bv K‡i|
· ¯^vgx hw` gvbwmK
†ivMx nq|
· hw` Ggb Ae¯’vi
m„wó nq †h, ¯^vgx wb‡LvuR wKsev AeZ©gvb Avevi †m ¯¿xi
fib‡cvl‡biI †Kvb
e¨e¯’v K‡i hvqwb A_ev ¯^vgxi AwaK…Z m¤úwË †_‡KI
fib‡cvlb cvevi
†Kvb m¤¢vebv †bB|
· hw` ¯^vgx-¯¿x g‡a¨
we‡ivac~Y© Ae¯’vi m„wó nq Z‡e G‡¶‡Î ¯¿x ¯^vgxi wbKU
†_‡K we‡”Q` Kvgbv
Ki‡Z cv‡i| cÖv_wgK fv‡e ¯^vgx-¯¿x `yÕR‡bi c¶ †_‡K
`yÕRb wePviK
wb‡qvM Kiv nq| hw` †Kvb kvwš—c~Y© mgvavb m¤¢e bv nq Z‡e
†m‡¶‡Î we‡”Q`
Kvh©Kix Kiv nq|
4. ÁvbvR©‡bi
AwaKvi: bvixi i‡q‡Q wk¶v`x¶v Ges Ávb
AR©‡bi c~Y© AwaKvi| wbR
wbR †hvM¨Zv
Abyhvqx †m Aby‡gvw`Z †h †Kvb wk¶v MÖnb Ki‡Z cv‡i| ivm~j (mvt)
e‡j‡Qb, ÒÁvb AR©b Kiv
cÖ‡Z¨K bvix cyi“‡li Rb¨ dih|Ó
bvixi
A_©‰bwZK AwaKvi :
GKwU cwiev‡ii
RxweKv wbe©v‡ni Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq A‡_©vcvR©‡bi fvi Bmjvg g~jZt
w`‡q‡Q cyi“l‡K|
Avi bvix‡K †`qv n‡q‡Q cwiev‡ii Avf¨š—ixb k„sLjv Ges mš—vb
jvjb-cvj‡bi ¸i“
`vwqZ¡| wKš‘ Zvi A_© GUvI bq †h, bvix N‡ii evB‡i KvR Ki‡Z
wKsev e¨emv-evwYR¨
cwiPvjbv Ki‡Z cvi‡e bv| cyi“‡li g‡ZvB GKRb bvixi i‡q‡Q
Bmjv‡gi mxgvi g‡a¨
¯^vaxb fv‡e A_©‰bwZK Kg©Kv‡Û AskMÖn‡bi c~Y© AwaKvi| bvix
Zvi g~j `vwqZ¡
Ae‡njv bv K‡i, e¨emv-evwbR¨ mn mgv‡Ri wewfbœ A_©‰bwZK Kg©Kv‡Û
mwµq fv‡e AskMÖnb
Ki‡Z cv‡i| GQvovI Bmjvg bvix‡K w`‡q‡Q wewfbœ cÖKv‡ii
A_©‰bwZK AwaKvi|
1.
fib‡cvl‡Yi
AwaKvi : bvixi i‡q‡Q ¯^vgxi wbKU †_‡K fib‡cvlb cvevi c~Y©
AwaKvi| Bmjvgx
iv‡óªi AvBbvbyhvqx ¯¿x hZ m¤ú`kvjxB †nvK bv †Kb, Zvi
Ges Zvi mš—v‡bi
fib‡cvl‡bi fvi ïaygvÎ ¯^vgxi| KviY KyiAv‡b Avjvn
e‡j‡Qb,
Òcyi“l bvixi
cwiPvjK, Kvib Avjvn Zv‡`i G‡Ki Dci Ab¨‡K cÖvavb¨
w`‡q‡Qb Ges
cyi“l Zvi abm¤ú` n‡Z e¨q K‡i|Ó ( myiv wbmv t 34)|
2. DËivwaKvi
m~‡Î cÖvß m¤úwˇZ AwaKvi : Bmjvg bvixi DËivwaKvi cÖvwßi
c~Y© wbðqZv
w`‡q‡Q| cyi“l‡`i g‡Zv ZviI i‡q‡Q wbKUvZ¥xq‡`i m¤úwˇZ
wbw`©ó AwaKvi|
Avjvn& KziAv‡b e‡j‡Qb,
Òcyi“l‡`i †hgb
wcZvgvZv Ges wbKUvZ¥xq‡`i cwiZ¨³ m¤úwˇZ Ask
i‡q‡Q †Zgwb
bvix‡`iI i‡q‡Q Zvi wcZvgvZv I wbKUvZ¥xq‡`i cwiZ¨³
m¤úwˇZ cÖvß
Ask| PvB Zv Kg †nvK wKsev †ekx †nvK, Zv GK wbw`©ó Ask|
Ó (myiv wbmv t 7)
†h †Kvb †¶‡ÎB
bvixi DËivwaKv‡i cªvß m¤ú` n‡e cyi“‡li A‡a©K| m¤ú‡`i
GB e›Ub
AvjvnZvqvjv KZ…©K cyi“l I bvixi Dci Av‡ivwcZ `vwq‡Z¡i mv‡_
m¤ú~Y© fv‡e
mvgÄm¨c~Y©| KviY Bmjvg cyi“l‡K w`‡q‡Q Zvi ¯¿x-mš—vb Ges
†¶Î we‡k‡l Zvi
`wi`ª AvZ¥xq¯^R‡bi (we‡klZt hviv bvix) fib‡cvl‡bi
`vwqZ¡| ¯¿x hZB
m¤ú`kvjx wKsev A_©‰bwZK fv‡e ¯^vej¤^x †nvK bv †Kb GB
`vwqZ¡ †_‡K
cyi“‡li wb®K…wZ †bB|
3. weevnKvjxb
†gvnivbvi AwaKvi : weevnKvjxb mg‡q Bmjvg bvixi Rb¨
m¤§vbm~PK †gvnivbv
wba©vwiZ K‡i‡Q| GB †gvnivbv Av`vq Ki‡Z GKRb
cyi“l `vqe×| GB
‡gvnivbv n‡”Q ¯^vgxi c¶ n‡Z ¯¿xi cÖwZ m¤§vb Ges
fv‡jvevmvi
wb‡`©kK| †KviAv‡b Avjvn e‡j‡Qb,
ÒAvi †Zvgiv
†Zvgv‡`i ¯¿x‡`i cÖvc¨ †gvnivbv mš‘ó wP‡Ë Av`vq Ki| Aek¨
Zviv hw`
wb‡Riv wb‡R‡`i Lykx‡Z Gi wKQy Ask gvd K‡i †`q Z‡e †Zvgiv
Zv mvb‡›` †fvM
Ki‡Z cvi|Ó (myiv wbmv t 4)
4. gvwjKvbvi
AwaKvi : DËivwaKvi m~‡Î cÖvß m¤ú` wKsev wb‡Ri DcvwR©Z
m¤ú‡` bvixi i‡q‡Q
c~Y© gvwjKvbv| wb‡Ri DcvwR©Z m¤ú` ev cÖvß m¤ú` †m
†hfv‡e B”Qv e¨q
Ki‡Z cv‡i| G e¨vcv‡i Zvi c~Y© ¯^vaxbZv i‡q‡Q |
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bvixi
ivR‰bwZK AwaKvi :
wbi‡c¶ `„wó‡Kvb
†_‡K Bmjv‡gi BwZnvm ch©v‡jvPbv Ki‡j †`Lv hvq †h, AvR‡Ki
w`‡b hv‡K
ÔivR‰bwZK AwaKviÕ ejv nq ZrKvjxb Bmjvgx mgv‡R cyi“‡li g‡ZvB
bvixiI GB AwaKvi
wQj c~Y© gvÎvq ¯^xK…Z| mgv‡Ri GKwU ¸i“Z¡c~Y© Ask wnmv‡e
cyi“l‡`i cvkvcvwk
bvix‡`iI i‡q‡Q mgv‡R Avjvn cÖ`Ë kvmb-e¨e¯’v cÖwZôv Kivi
`vwqZ¡| G j‡¶¨ ZvB
Bmjvg bvix‡KI Zvi mvg_©¨ Abyhvqx ivR‰bwZK A½‡b Ask
MÖn‡bi AwaKvi
w`‡q‡Q| KyiAvb Ges nv`x‡m GiKg AmsL¨ D`vnib i‡q‡Q †hLv‡b
Avgiv bvix‡K
ivRbxwZ msµvš— ¸i“Z¡c~Y© Av‡jvPbvq AskMÖnY Ki‡Z †`L‡Z cvB|
GgbwK †¶Î we‡k‡l
bvixiv ivmyjyjvni (mvt) mv‡_ weZ©‡KI Ask wb‡q‡Q|
· Bmjvgx iv‡óª bvixi
i‡q‡Q Lwjdv wbe©vP‡bi c~Y© AwaKvi| G j‡¶¨ †m cÖv_x©i Rb¨
cÖPvibv Ges wewfbœ
Rbmfvq AskMÖnb Ki‡Z cv‡i|
· cyi“‡li cvkvcvwk
bvixiI Bmjvgx iv‡óª i‡q‡Q mgv‡Ri gvbyl‡K mr Kv‡R Av‡`k
Kiv Ges Amr Kv‡R
wb‡la Kivi c~Y© AwaKvi| Avjvn KyiAv‡b e‡j‡Qb,
Ò gywgb bvix
Ges gywgb cyi“l G‡K Ac‡ii eÜz| Zviv G‡K Aci‡K mr Kv‡Ri
Av‡`k †`q Ges
Amr KvR †_‡K weiZ iv‡L..........|Ó ( myiv ZIev t 71 )
· Bmjvgx iv‡óª bvixi
i‡q‡Q kvm‡Ki fyj ms‡kva‡bi ev kvmK‡K Revew`wn Kivi
AwaKvi| Igi Be‡b
LvËv‡ei (iv.) mgq GKRb mvavib bvix †gvnivbv msµvš—
wel‡q Rbm¤§y‡L
Ig‡ii (iv.) mv‡_ weZ‡K© wjß n‡qwQj| Igi (iv.) e‡jwQ‡jb,
ÒGB gwnjv wVK Avi
Igi fyj|Ó
· bvixi i‡q‡Q ivóª
cwiPvjbv I e¨e¯’vcbvq Dc‡`óv wnmv‡e KvR Kivi AwaKvi|
bvix‡`i i‡q‡Q
gRwj‡k ïivi m`m¨ wnmv‡e wbe©vwPZ nevi AwaKvi| Av‡qkv (iv.)
Igi (iv.) Gi
wLjvd‡Zi mgq gRwj‡k ïivi m`m¨ wQ‡jb|
· bvixi i‡q‡Q ‡h
†Kvb ivR‰bwZK `‡ji mv‡_ mivmwi hy³ †_‡K D¤§vni Kj¨v‡Yi
Rb¨ KvR Kivi c~Y©
AwaKvi|
bvixi
AvBbMZ AwaKvi :
· Bmjvgx AvB‡bi
`„wó‡Z bvix cyi“l Df‡qB mgvb| ZvB Bmjvg ïay bvix‡K wewfbœ
‡¶‡Î AwaKvi w`‡qB
`vwqZ¡ †kl K‡iwb, eis Bmjvgx mgv‡R bvix Avjvn cÖ`Ë †h
†Kvb AwaKvi †_‡K
ewÂZ n‡j Zvi i‡q‡Q AvB‡bi mvnv‡h¨ Zv Av`vq Kivi
AwaKvi|
· bvix hw` `v¤úZ¨
mwnsmZv, cvwievwiK wbh©vZb ev †Kvb cvkweK wbh©vZ‡bi wkKvi
nq Z‡e Zvi i‡q‡Q
AvBbMZ mvnvh¨ cvevi c~Y© AwaKvi|
· bvixi m¤§vb i¶v‡_©
Bmjvg m”PwiÎv bvixi Dci wg_¨v Acev` †`qv‡K fqvbK
Aciva wnmv‡e MY¨
K‡i| Avjvn †KviAv‡b e‡j‡Qb,
Òhviv mZx,
wbixn I gywgb bvixi Dci Acev` Av‡ivc K‡i Zviv BnKvj I
ciKv‡j Awfkß
Ges Zv‡`i Rb¨ i‡q‡Q gnv kvw¯—|Ó (myiv byi t 23)
ZvB †KvbI gywgb
bvixi Dci wg_¨v‡ivc Kiv n‡j †m AvB‡bi mvnv‡h¨ †`vlx
e¨w³‡K mvRv †`qvi
AwaKvi iv‡L|
· Bmjvg †h‡nZz
bvix‡K m¤§vb wnmv‡e MY¨ K‡i, ZvB †h †KvbI ¯’v‡b †h †KvbI
fv‡e Zv‡K D˨³ Kiv
n‡j †m AvB‡bi mvnvh¨ cvevi AwaKvi iv‡L|
mßg
Aa¨vq: Bmjv‡gi BwZnv‡mi gwnqmx bvixiv
7g kZvãx †_‡K ïi“
K‡i cieZx© cÖvq 1300 eQ‡ii wLjvdZ Z_v Bmjvgx kvmbvg‡j
nvRvi nvRvi gymwjg
bvix AvBbwe`, weÁvbx, ivRbxwZwe`, wePviK, fvlvwe`, ÁvbmvaK
I m‡ev©cwi Av`k©
gv I ¯¿x wnmv‡e Abe`¨ f~wgKv †i‡LwQ‡jv Bmjv‡gi BwZnv‡m|
nhiZ Avwqkv
(iv.) : Áv‡bi wewfbœ kvLvq nhiZ Avwqkv (iv.) Gi cvwÛZ¨ me©Rb¯^xK…
Z| `y&B
nvRv‡iiI †ekx nvw`m wZwb wbf~©j fv‡e eY©bv K‡i‡Qb| wZwb Avey eKi (iv.),
Igi (iv.) Ges
Dmgvb (iv.) Gi wLjvdZ Kv‡j AvBb I wePvi Dc‡`óv wQ‡jb|
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D‡¤§ Avgviv
(iv.) : D‡¤§ Avgviv (iv.) ivm~j (mvt) Gi GKRb weL¨vZ gwnjv mvnvex
wQ‡jb| wZwb 624
wLªóv‡ã Kvwdi‡`i wei“‡× exi‡Z¡i mv‡_ Iû` Ges Avgvgvi hy‡×
AskMÖnY K‡ib|
wkdv web‡Z Ave&w`jvn
(iv.) : Dgi (iv.) Gi wLjvdZ Kv‡j wkdv web‡Z Avwãjvn(ivt)
Zvui eyw×gËv I
Áv‡bi Kvi‡b evRvi ch©‡e¶K I evRvi e¨e¯’vcbvi `vwqZ¡ cÖvß nb|
wZwb wPwKrmv
kv‡¯¿I Ávb AR©b K‡ib|
Avgiv web‡Z
Avãyi ivngvb : 800 kZvãxi GKRb wewkó AvBbwe`| wZwb g`xbvi K…wl
wefv‡Mi cÖavb
wnmv‡e `vwqZ¡ cvjb K‡ib|
gydZx Avgvn
Avj Iqvwn` web‡Z Avj gvnwgwj : bqkZ kZvãx‡Z evM`v‡`i kvwdC
AvvBb welqK ¯‹z‡ji
GKRb bvgKiv wk¶K Ges cÖL¨vZ wePviK|
BRwjqv web‡Z
Avj BRwj : 944 wLªóv‡ã mvBdD‡ÏŠjvi mfvi GKRb wewkó m`m¨
wQ‡jb| wZwb GLb
†_‡K cÖvq nvRvi eQi Av‡M gnvKvk welqK M‡elbvMvi ˆZix
K‡iwQ‡jb|
Kvwigvn web‡Z
Avn‡g` Avj-gviIqvwRqvn : 1000 kZ‡K nv`xmkv‡¯¿ Zvui Mfxi Ávb
I cvi`wk©Zvi Kvi‡b
eû wk¶v_x© Zvi Kv‡Q ÁvbvR©‡bi Rb¨ Avm‡Zv| ZrKvjxb
evM`v‡`i LwZe Zvi
KvQ †_‡KB Ávb AR©b K‡ib Ges cÖwmw× jvf K‡ib|
kvqLv Avmgv : kvqLv Avmgv wk¶v
cÖwZôv‡bi Dbœqb I mycwiKwíZ fv‡e Zv we¯—v‡ii
gva¨‡g wk¶ve¨e¯’vi
Dbœq‡b e¨vcK f~wgKv iv‡Lb| wZwb Zvi mg‡q ¶gZvkxb Lwjdv‡K
bvB‡Rwiqv welqK
ciivóªbxwZ wbav©i‡b ¸i“Z¡c~Y© civgk© cÖ`vb K‡iwQ‡jb|
hqbe web‡Z Ave` Avj ivngvb :
1300
kZ‡Ki GKRb cÖwm× cwÛZ| bvgKiv
fvlvwe`
Avj-Rvgmvixi †gavex wkl¨ wnmv‡e wZwb m¤§vb m~PK GKv‡WwgK wWwMÖ jvf
K‡iwQ‡jb|
Avwqkv Avj
evwbq¨v : wZwb wQ‡jb `v‡g‡¯‹i GKRb wewkó AvBbÁ Ges BmjvwgK
wPš—vwe`| Bmjvgx
AvBb welqK Zvi wewfbœ ¸i“Z¡c~Y© iPbv i‡q‡Q|
gydwZ D‡¤§ Avj
evwbb : 1427 wLªóv‡ã gi‡°vi GKRb cÖwm× AvBbwe`|
RyevB`v : Zx¶è eyw×gZ¡vi
AwaKvix Lwjdv nvi“b-Di-iwk` Gi ¯¿x RyevB`v memgqB
Zvi ¯^vgx‡K ivóª
cwiPvjbv Ges e¨e¯’vcbv wel‡q g~j¨evb civgk© w`‡Zb|
gvwiqg : gi‡°v‡Z gvwiqg
bv‡gi GK gwnqmx bvix ˆZix K‡iwQ‡jb Avj Av›`vjym
gmwR`, hv cieZx©‡Z
ÁvbvR©‡bi GKwU cÖwm× †K‡›`ª cwiYZ nq|
gvgjyK
kvmbvg‡j bvix : 11Õk kZvãx‡Z gvgjyK kvmbvg‡j ZrKvjxb gymwjg bvixiv
`v‡g‡¯‹v‡Z 5wU
wek¦we`¨vjq Ges 12wU ÁvbPPv©i †K›`ª cÖwZwôZ K‡iwQ‡jb| GB
wek¦we`¨vjq ¸‡jv
m¤ú~b© fv‡e gymwjg bvix‡`i ØvivB cwiPvwjZ Ges wbqwš¿Z wQ‡jv|
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